Abstract
The results of absolute satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) are presented in the current study. A comparative analysis was conducted on empirical methods in order to explore the potential of SDB in shallow water on the coast of Misano, Italy. Operations were carried out by relying on limited in situ water depth data to extract and calibrate bathymetry from a QuickBird satellite image acquired on a highly dynamic coastal environment. The image was processed using the log-band ratio and optimal band ratio analysis (OBRA) methods. Preprocessing steps included the conversion of the raw satellite image into top of atmosphere reflectance, spatial filtering, land and water classification, the determination of the optimal OBRA spectral band pairs, and the estimation of relative SDB. Furthermore, calibration and vertical referencing were performed via in situ bathymetry acquired in November 2007. The relative bathymetry obtained from different band ratios were vertically referenced to the local datum using in situ water depth in order to obtain absolute SDB. The coefficient of determination (R2) and vertical root mean square error (RMSE) were computed for each method. A strong correlation with in situ field bathymetry was observed for both methods, with R2 = 0.8682 and RMSE = 0.518 m for the log-band ratio method and R2 = 0.8927–0.9108 and RMSE = 0.35 m for the OBRA method. This indicated a high degree of confidence of the SDB results obtained for the study area, with a high performance of the OBRA method for SDB mapping in turbid water.
Highlights
Coastal zones are one of the most dynamic and rapidly changing environments at the global scale
The results demonstrate the ability of satellite images to provide water depth information for large near-shoreline areas
This relative satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) was calibrated to the local datum by incorporating in situ water depth in order to obtain absolute SDB
Summary
Coastal zones are one of the most dynamic and rapidly changing environments at the global scale. Considering the projected global climate change, it is crucial to comprehend the evolution of the coastal zone For this reason, coastal zone monitoring is an essential process for sustainable coastal management and environmental protection [5]. Bathymetry is one of the key factors used by scientists, hydrographers, and decision-makers operating in coastal zones It provides useful information on ecological and geomorphological process occurring in coastal areas. Multispectral satellite images present an alternative solution for research on shallow water bathymetry With their large swath width, satellites are able to provide information over a large geographic area at a very low cost [14]. Studies conducted using stereo images [17,18,19] have demonstrated a great potential for shallow water bathymetry mapping using data from remote sensing
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