The Concentration‐Density Relation of Galaxies in the Las Campanas Redshift Survey

Abstract

We report the results of the evaluation of the concentration-density relation of galaxies in the local universe, taking advantage of the very large and homogeneous data set available from the Las Campanas Redshift Survey. This data set consists of galaxies inhabiting the entire range of galactic environments from the sparsest field to the densest clusters, thus allowing us to study environmental variations without combining multiple data sets with inhomogeneous characteristics. Concentration is quantified by the automatically measured concentration index C, which is a good measure of a galaxy's bulge-to-disk ratio. The environment of the sample galaxies is characterized both by the three-space local galaxy density and by membership in groups and clusters. We find that the distribution of C in galaxy populations varies both with local density and with cluster/group membership: the fraction of centrally concentrated galaxies increases with local galaxy density and is higher in clusters than in the field. A comparison of the concentration-local density relation in clusters and the field shows that the two connect rather smoothly at the intermediate density regime, implying that the apparent cluster/field difference is only a manifestation of the variation with the local density. We conclude that the structure of galaxies is predominantly influenced by the local density and not by the broader environments characterized by cluster/field memberships.