Abstract
Tung tree (Vernicia fordii) is an economically important tree widely cultivated for industrial oil production in China. To better understand the molecular basis of tung tree chloroplasts, we sequenced and characterized its genome using PacBio RS II sequencing platforms. The chloroplast genome was sequenced with 161,528 bp in length, composed with one pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 26,819 bp, which were separated by one small single copy (SSC; 18,758 bp) and one large single copy (LSC; 89,132 bp). The genome contains 114 genes, coding for 81 protein, four ribosomal RNAs and 29 transfer RNAs. An expansion with integration of an additional rps19 gene in the IR regions was identified. Compared to the chloroplast genome of Jatropha curcas, a species from the same family, the tung tree chloroplast genome is distinct with 85 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 82 indels. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that V. fordii is a sister species with J. curcas within the Eurosids I. The nucleotide sequence provides vital molecular information for understanding the biology of this important oil tree.
Highlights
Tung tree (Vernicia fordii) belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family of woody angiosperms and has been cultivated for more than 1,000 years in China
The results showed a high consensus of the sequences except 10 different bases between IRa and IRb regions
We presented the first complete nucleotide sequence of tung tree cp genome using PacBio RS II sequencing platforms
Summary
Tung tree (Vernicia fordii) belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family of woody angiosperms and has been cultivated for more than 1,000 years in China. Blossoms and yields fruits in three years due to its high efficiency of photosynthesis. Tung oil has been shown with a potential for biodiesel production because tung tree grows fast with high oil yields[1, 4]. One approach to improve tung oil production would be to engineer chloroplasts with more efficient photosynthesis in tung tree leaves. We determined the complete sequence of the chloroplast genome of tung tree using the PacBio RS II platform. We compared it with other known cp genomes aiming to determine phylogenetic relationships among angiosperms
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