Abstract
This chapter provides a comparative case study analysis of US foreign policy toward the Middle East during the Cold War by focusing on major presidential doctrines. The cases of the Truman, Eisenhower , Nixon, Carter , and Reagan doctrines successfully test the claim that US foreign policy was characterized by continuity rather than change. Its foreign policy objectives to maintain regional hegemonic status by preventing the emergence of Soviet hegemony remained unaltered throughout the Cold War. The absence of a supranational government, possession by the Soviet Union, uncertainty of its intentions, and the need to survive dictated the aggressive reaction of the USA. Also, given its geographic location, the USA relied consistently on the grand strategy of offshore balancing to achieve its objectives.
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