Abstract
The research presents a review and comparison of different engine constructions. Investigated engines included crankshaft engines, barrel engine, opposed-piston engines and theoretical models to present possible variations of piston motion curves. The work comprises also detailed description of a numerical piston engine model which was created to determine the impact of the cycle parameters including described different piston motion curves on the engine efficiency. Developed model was equipped with Wiebe function to reflect a heat release during combustion event and Woschini’s correlation to simulate heat transfer between the gas and engine components.Various scenarios of selected engine constructions and different working conditions have been simulated and compared. Based on the results it was possible to determine the impact of different piston motion curves on the engine cycle process and present potential efficiency benefits.
Highlights
Most of the recent piston engines which are used in all types of business are presenting typical crankshaft mechanism where piston is connected to the crank shaft through a piston rod
The major attention was paid to the engines’ efficiency and power which were calculated with the equations 14 and 15
All engine configurations showed that it is beneficial to lower the time of combustion duration
Summary
Most of the recent piston engines which are used in all types of business (automotive, aviation, marine and power) are presenting typical crankshaft mechanism where piston is connected to the crank shaft through a piston rod. Some of the constructions (e.g. RND 105 marine engine) includes additional connecting rod between the piston rod and crank shaft in order to decrease the piston side force but this design does not differ significantly from the first one in regards to the piston motion curve. Most remarkable designs are those which are based on the opposed-piston (OP) engine concept. This design in general may provide reduced fuel consumption or increased power-to-weight ratio. Eight different construction have been selected to analyze the effect of different crank mechanism designs on the engine efficiency
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