The Clinical Spectrum and Occurrence of Major Infections in Hospitalized Children With Nephrotic Syndrome.

Abstract

Background Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is one of the most common renalailmentsin the pediatric population. The management of NS with major infections remains a challenge to pediatricians and pediatric nephrologists, as it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In this study, we aimed toknow the clinical spectrum andoccurrenceofmajor infections in hospitalized children with NS. Methods This prospective, observationalstudywas conducted over a period of two yearsamong hospitalizedNSchildren fromone year to18years.The clinical spectrumand hospital coursewere studiedin detail, and the data generatedwere analyzed to obtain valid results. Results A total of 101 hospitalizations of 66 children were assessed for theoccurrence of infectivecomplications.The incidence rate of infective complications among thehospitalizednephroticswas29.7%.Urinary tract infection (UTI)was the commonest infective complication, followed byspontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Other infective complications observed were pneumonia, entericfever, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) sepsis, tuberculosis, and varicella. Conclusion Infective complications are quite common among NS patients, where appropriate identification and prompt treatment could reduce morbidity and mortality.