The Changing Meaning of Just Price: Ibn Taymiyya and the Ottoman Hanafi Tradition

This thesis is a comparative analysis of Ibn Taymiyya of Damascus and Gregory of Rimini within their respective religious and philosophical traditions. Ibn Taymiyya and Gregory of Rimini rejected the use of Aristotelian logic in the valorization of divine revelation in Islam and Christianity respectively. The translation movements, in Baghdad and then in Toledo, ensured the transmission of Greek scientific and philosophical works to both the Islamic world during the 'Abbasid Caliphate and the Catholic Christian European milieu beginning in the eleventh century. By the fourteenth century both the Islamic and the Catholic European religious traditions had a long history of assimilating Aristotle's Organon. Ibn Taymiyya and Gregory of Rimini rejected the notion, adopted by the kalam and scholastic traditions respectively, that logical demonstration could be used to validate religious doctrine as taught in the Qur'an and the Bible. Ibn Taymiyya rejected demonstration completely but Gregory accepted its qualified use.

<p><em>Fenomena rutinistas Kenaikan harga BBM di Indonesia selalu membenturkan antara dua kubu (Pemerintah dan masyarakat). Perdebatan pro dan kontra menjadi isi utama pengawalan kebijakan tersebut. Namun melihat kondisi sosial ekonomi Indonesia ‘tragis’ dimunculkan pengeluaran yang lebih besar daripada pendapatan, sementara pengeluarannya itu hanya terfokus pada subsidi energi yang sayangnya lagi lebih banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat golongan menengah ke atas daripada masyarakat kecil. Selain dipicu oleh faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi pola politik kebijakan minyak dalam negeri. Dalam posisi dilema ekonomi tersebut, logika ekonomi yang dipakai pemerintah adalah “Pareto Optimum”, artinya transfer kenikmatan supaya adil, namun hal tersebut tidak diikuti oleh rekonstruksi pembangunan berkualitas yang berkelanjutan, hanya fokus pada kebijakan jangka pendek. Dan Ibnu Taimiyah sebagai salah satu Pemikir Ekonomi Islam, yang mana salah satu warisannya berupa konsep keadilan sosial ekonomi layak dijadikan pisau analisa sembari kounter atas fenomena kenaikan BBM dan Paket Kompensasinya, maupun untuk kondisi perekonomian makro di Indonesia.</em></p><p><strong>Kata Kunci</strong> : <em>Politik Minyak, Kenaikan harga dan Subsidi BBM, Paket Kompensasi BBM, Konsepsi Keadilan Sosial Ekonomi Ibnu Taimiyah</em><em>.</em></p>

One of Ibn Taymiyah's thoughts (d. 728 H / 1328 AD) that economic transactions are aimed at justice that can only be realized if all the contracts are based on the willingness to agree from all parties, is very interesting to research the practice of financing agreements in Islamic financial institutions (LKS) which in this case Baitul Mal Wat-Tamwil (BMT). The purpose of this study is to find out how much the principle of justice is the basis for the implementation of the financing contract for the parties to the contract. The study uses qualitative methods with a descriptive analysis approach. The research was conducted at BMT Tumang, one of the national-scale BMTs that has contributed to the growth of the sharia microeconomic system. The results showed that Ibn Taymiyah's thoughts regarding the foundation of morality and justice had been applied in the financing agreement at BMT Tumang, it was stated in the Operational Management Standards (SOM) and Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) of BMT Tumang.
 Keywords : Ibnu Taimiyah, financing agreement, moral foundation, justice, BMT Tumang.

Tobacco is one of the strategic agricultural sectors that supports the economy of rural communities in Indonesia. Although it contributes significantly to farmers' income, tobacco pricing practices at the upstream level are still dominated by an oligopsonistic market structure, placing farmers in the weakest position. This study aims to explain the causes of tobacco price distortions and review them through the lens of Islamic economic ethics. This research uses the library research method by reviewing classical and contemporary literature on prices, justice, market mechanisms, and the works of scholars such as Ibn Taimiyah and al-Ghazali. The results show that price distortion occurs due to quality standards determined unilaterally by manufacturers, farmers' lack of access to information, economic dependence on companies, and a closed trading system. This situation is not in line with the principles of justice, transparency, and prohibition of exploitation in Islamic economics. Ibn Taymiyyah's perspective emphasizes that fair prices should follow the mechanism of supply and demand without intervention that harms either party, while al-Ghazali emphasizes the importance of market supervision to maintain public welfare. Thus, this study confirms that the application of Islamic ethical values in the tobacco distribution chain is important for building a more transparent, fair, and beneficial market for farmers.

In the discipline of public administration, popular culture remains under-examined in scholarship and under-utilized in pedagogy. However, the field would benefit from greater integration of popular culture to expand understandings of governance, especially in that it provides important representations of and messaging about some of today’s most pressing social equity issues. To contextualize popular culture in public administration, we use critical discourse analysis as a frame to demonstrate how popular culture can inform public administration, especially regarding social equity. We argue that popular culture should be more extensively covered in public administration, because it offers a lens for better understanding intersections of power, equity, and ethics in government.

Hz. Peygamber’in anne ve babasının (ebeveyn-i Resûl) iman bakımından dünyadaki durumları ile ahirette Cennet’e gidip gitmeyecekleri meselesi İslam düşünce tarihi boyunca Müslüman âlimler tarafından çeşitli bağlamlarda tartışılmış ve konu hakkında farklı görüşler ortaya çıkmıştır. Mesele üzerine özellikle Osmanlı döneminde müstakil risaleler kaleme alan birçok âlim bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri de gerek yazdığı eserlerle gerekse de görüşleriyle Osmanlı dinî düşüncesinde önemli izler bırakan İbrahim el-Halebî’dir (ö. 956/1549). Halebî’nin yazma eser kütüphanelerinde nüshaları bulunan ve Risâle fi hakkı ebeveyi’r-Resûl adıyla neşredilen bir ebeveyn-i Resûl risalesi bulunmaktadır. Ancak bu çalışmanın konu edindiği ve neşrini gerçekleştirdiği risale henüz tek nüshasını tespit edebildiğimiz ve metnin baş kısmında “el-Fakîr İbrahim el-Halebî der ki” ibaresiyle Halebî’ye ait olabileceğini düşündüğümüz aynı konuya (ebeveyn-i Resûl) dair bir başka eserdir. Osmanlı dinî düşüncesi açısından önemli bir şahsiyete nispet edilmesi ve henüz tek nüshasının tespit edilebilmiş olması bir yana risalede ebeveyn-i Resûl konusuna dair özgün yaklaşım ve görüşler ortaya konulması eserin neşrini ve muhteva analizini içeren bu makalenin yazılış gerekçesidir.İbrahim el-Halebî’ye nispet edilen bu risaleyi özgün kılan hususların başında, meseleyi fer’î/amelî değil, usulî/itikadî bir konu olarak gören müellifin, ulema tarafından ebeveyn-i Resûl konusunda serdedilen görüşleri, “fetret ehlinin durumu” zemininde verilen cevaplar bağlamında gruplandırması gelmektedir. Buna göre fetret ehlinin iman etmekle mükellef olup iman etmedikleri takdirde azap göreceğini söyleyenler, iman ile mükellef olmadığını söyleyenler ve bu konuda susanlar olmak üzere üç ana grup bulunmaktadır. Fetret ehlini iman ile mükellef görenler ise ebeveyn-i Resûl konusunda dört farklı görüşe sahip olmuşlardır. Böylece toplamda altı farklı görüş ortaya çıkmıştır.

Transformations of national economies under conditions of instabilityThis research explores the impact of instability at the macro- and micro-level on corporate governance. Specifically, the study considers corporate governance reform and ESG-based remuneration trends in Ukraine, focusing on adaptation to crisis contexts and alignment with international standards. Ukraine’s corporate governance landscape has evolved significantly, shifting toward formalizing board structures, incorporating independent directors, and enhancing transparency to support accountability and investor confidence. The study assesses the current maturity of corporate governance in Ukraine through data from research companies and professional associations, highlighting gaps in board independence and board formalization in private and state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Ukrainian SOE governance reforms are also examined, guided by OECD principles, and codified under Law of Ukraine No. 3587-IX 2024. These reforms emphasize transparency, risk management, and structured oversight to align SOE operations with EU-integration goals, enhancing governance standards across Ukrainian SOEs and setting a strategic foundation for sustained foreign investment. Research considers the emerging integration of ESG-based remuneration, aligning executive incentives with environmental, social, and governance goals. CSRD influences Ukrainian companies by promoting transparency in ESG-linked pay structures and standardizing sustainability reporting. In a crisis context, ESG-based remuneration becomes particularly relevant, encouraging Ukrainian companies to adapt their ESG targets to include community welfare, environmental restoration, and ethical governance. Drawing from global case studies – such as Japan’s post-disaster corporate policies and South Africa’s emphasis on social equity – the paper outlines best practices for integrating ESG metrics within Ukrainian corporate governance. This alignment of governance frameworks and ESG-based remuneration in Ukraine aims to strengthen corporate resilience, support investor trust, and contribute to sustainable development and national recovery efforts. The study recommends further embedding OECD-aligned practices and crisis-responsive ESG strategies within Ukraine’s corporate governance landscape, reinforcing the role of Ukrainian businesses in shaping a resilient and sustainable economy, accounting for specific needs of postwar recovery.

The agricultural sector stands at the intersection of economic, ethical, and environmental concerns, presenting complex challenges for sustainable development. This study investigates how ethical attitudes, conceptualized at political (e.g., perceptions of transparency, anti-corruption, and policy fairness) and social levels (e.g., community engagement, labor standards, and social equity), influence ethical behavior within Romanian agricultural organizations. Additionally, it explores the impact of sector-specific and organizational ethics on the adoption of social responsibility (SR) practices. Using a quantitative research approach, the study employed a structured questionnaire covering four key dimensions: political and social ethics, corporate responsibility, environmental sustainability, and ethical management in agriculture. The findings suggested that Romanian agricultural companies could improve their long-term competitiveness by incorporating ethical governance, sustainable business practices, and stakeholder engagement into their strategic frameworks. These findings suggest that Romanian agricultural companies can enhance their long-term competitiveness by embedding ethical governance, sustainable business models, and active stakeholder engagement into their strategic frameworks. This research contributes to the theoretical discourse by demonstrating how contextual ethical attitudes influence SR, providing a nuanced understanding of the interplay between economic performance, social equity, and environmental responsibility in an emerging economy.

This study offers a comparative analysis of the ethical, institutional, and distributive foundations of capitalist and Sharia economic systems. While capitalism emphasizes market efficiency, individual freedom, and profit maximization, Sharia economics prioritizes divine accountability, social equity, and moral purpose. Drawing on conceptual literature and policy analysis, the research highlights the divergent ethical logics, governance mechanisms, and wealth distribution strategies of each system. Capitalist institutions reward market productivity but often generate inequality and value-neutral governance. In contrast, Sharia-based institutions operationalize justice through instruments such as zakat, waqf, and profit-sharing contracts, embedding ethics into economic life. The study contributes a refined framework for evaluating economic systems based on values and justice, offering both theoretical insights and practical implications for policy and development. This research underscores the urgency of rethinking global economic models in an era of deepening inequality and ethical fragmentation.

Intra-regional Development Disparities: Virtual Regions Strategy for Development of Tribal Communities and Water-stressed Regions in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana

This study explores the role of strategic communication as a pivotal tool in fostering ethical leadership and good governance in Nigeria. Amid persistent corruption, mismanagement, and leadership deficits, the study examines how deliberate, well-structured communication strategies can catalyze transparency, accountability, and trust in governance processes. Drawing on theoretical frameworks such as stakeholder and systems theory, the research underscores the importance of aligning communication efforts with ethical principles and governance objectives. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative data from interviews, surveys, and case studies involving government officials, corporate leaders, and communication professionals in Nigeria. The findings reveal that strategic communication enhances ethical leadership by facilitating stakeholder engagement, promoting value-driven decision-making, and increasing public confidence in institutions. Moreover, the study identifies key communication strategies such as transparency in messaging, crisis management, and participatory dialogue as essential for addressing governance challenges and fostering collaboration between leaders and the public. The research highlights the dual role of strategic communication as a preventive mechanism against unethical practices and a proactive approach to governance reforms. Practical recommendations are offered to policymakers, corporate organizations, and communication practitioners to harness strategic communication in driving ethical leadership and governance. The study concludes that embedding strategic communication in governance frameworks is vital for achieving sustainable development and social equity in Nigeria.

This study aims to comprehensively explore the multidimensional landscape of sustainable finance through a thematic analysis approach. With a dataset of 138 articles retrieved from the Scopus database, the study employs VOSviewer for co-word analysis, revealing four interconnected thematic clusters. These clusters, representing economic, environmental, social, and governance dimensions, provide a structured framework that underscores the intricate relationships within sustainable finance. The findings illuminate the interplay between these dimensions, offering valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to navigate the complex field of sustainable finance and promote informed decision-making. The implications of this study extend to fostering more holistic financial practices that consider economic growth, environmental preservation, social equity, and ethical governance in tandem, thereby contributing to a more responsible and inclusive financial future.

The green economy transition represents a strategic approach to fostering sustainable development by integrating the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles into economic activities. This chapter examines the critical role of sustainable investing within the green economy framework, highlighting how ESG criteria can drive progress towards global sustainability goals. The chapter examines how a green economy might improve environmental sustainability, social equity, and strong governance, thus tackling urgent global issues, including climate change, resource depletion, and social inequality. Key regulatory frameworks, financial instruments, and technological innovations that support ESG integration are analyzed to demonstrate their effectiveness in promoting transparency, accountability, and resilience in economic systems. The chapter also discusses the multifaceted challenges hindering the adoption of a green economy, including regulatory fragmentation, financial barriers, and cultural resistance, and proposes strategic pathways to overcome these obstacles. By emphasizing the interconnectedness of environmental health, social well-being, and ethical governance, this research underscores the transformative potential of ESG-driven investments in achieving a balanced and sustainable global economy.

This study explores digital platforms as strategic business models that promote sustainable growth by integrating innovation, inclusivity, and governance. Using a qualitative, multiple-case study design, the research examines platform organisations such as Amazon, Airbnb, and Grab to understand how their business models facilitate economic scalability, environmental responsibility, and social equity. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and digital ethnography, followed by thematic analysis. Findings reveal four core dimensions: platform scalability and innovation, sustainable value creation, inclusive ecosystem engagement, and ethical governance. The discussion highlights how digital platforms align competitive advantage with sustainability through data-driven operations, stakeholder collaboration, and adaptive regulatory frameworks. Ultimately, the study concludes that platforms represent a new paradigm for sustainable capitalism, redefining business strategy around co-created value and shared responsibility. This research contributes to both theory and practice by offering an integrated framework for leveraging digital platforms to achieve long-term sustainability. Keywords: data-driven operations, stakeholder collaboration, regulatory frameworks, digital platforms

Purpose This paper maps the thematic evolution of technology-focused reverse mentoring (2015–2025), specifically investigating the transition from “digital literacy” to “AI fluency” and identifying critical gaps regarding ethical governance. Design/methodology/approach A general bibliometric analysis was conducted using data from major academic databases. VOSviewer software was utilized to visualize keyword co-occurrence networks, identifying dominant conceptual clusters and temporal trends across the broader management and organizational development discipline. Findings The analysis reveals five distinct clusters: corporate strategy, social equity, well-being, mentoring mechanics and crisis adaption. Crucially, a “technological lag” is evident; while “digital transformation” is a central node, keywords related to “Generative AI,” “Prompt Engineering,” and “Ethics” are conspicuously absent from the core network, highlighting a disconnect between current literature and Industry 4.0 realities. Research limitations/implications The findings imply an urgent theoretical need to pivot from general “digital adoption” models to “AI competency” frameworks. Practical implications HR practitioners should transition from generic digital up skilling to “Strategic AI mentoring,” where junior employees guide leaders on ethical AI application and workflow integration. Originality/value This study uniquely quantifies the lack of AI and ethics discourse in the general body of knowledge, offering a novel roadmap for integrating Generative AI into competency-based training assessments.