Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, including high blood pressure and myocardial infarction, in subjects chronically exposed to high levels of road or air traffic noise. A new meta-analysis was carried out to assess a dose-response curve, which can be used for a quantitative risk assessment and to estimate the burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to environmental noise in European regions. Noise exposure was grouped according to 5 dB(A)-categories for the daytime outdoor average A-weighted sound pressure level, (Lday, 16 h: 6–22 h), which was considered in most studies. Information on night-time exposure (Lnight, 8 h: 22–6 h or 23–7 h) was seldom available. However, approximations can be made with respect to Lden according to the European directive on the assessment and management of environmental noise. The strongest evidence of an association between community noise and cardiovascular endpoints was found for ischaemic heart diseases, including myocardial infarction and road traffic noise. The disability-adjusted life years lost for ischemic heart disease attributable to transport noise were estimated conservatively, assuming the same exposure patterns across the countries with an impact fraction 3% in the western European countries.
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