Abstract
ABSTRACTThis study replicates and extends the experimental design originated by Dasgupta and Greenwald (2001), who found a decrease in implicit pro-White biases after exposure to pictures of admired Black individuals. A nationally representative sample was analyzed comparing implicit pro-White biases among Black and White participants. Hypothesis 1 (H1) predicted a replication of previous research among White participants, and H2, derived from the balanced identity theory, predicted an increased pro-Black bias among Blacks after exposure to admired Black individuals. Results provided partial support for H1 and a lack of support for H2. This is the first study to use a nationally representative sample to examine implicit pro-White biases. System justification theory was used to explain the malleability gap in Black and White pro-racial biases.
Highlights
Black Americans are a heavily stigmatized racial group in the U.S negative stereotypes toward this group are widespread, Blacks have been shown to maintain a pro-Black bias when surveyed using explicit measures
Data on Black implicit attitudes typically consist of samples of college students and individuals who have self-selected onto a website
In accordance with previous research on the malleability of implicit attitudes, I hypothesize that exposure to admired Black and disliked White exemplars will lead to a small decrease in the implicit pro-White bias while exposure to negative Black and positive White exemplars will not affect implicit pro-White bias
Summary
Black Americans are a heavily stigmatized racial group in the U.S negative stereotypes toward this group are widespread, Blacks have been shown to maintain a pro-Black bias when surveyed using explicit measures. The current study replicates and extends Dasgupta and Greenwald’s (2001) experiment ( replicated by Joy-Gaba & Nosek, 2010) with the purposes of examining the malleability of implicit attitudes in a nationally representative sample and comparing the malleability of implicit pro-Black/White biases. Results partially supported hypothesis 1 with evidence for the replication of the Joy-Gaba and Nosek (2010) finding of a slight decrease in implicit pro-White bias among Whites after exposure to positive Black exemplars. This finding was only present when the data were not weighted to be nationally representative. The IAT is a useful tool for decreasing the threat of social desirability effects in assessing group biases
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