Abstract
<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> The periosteum is a thin membrane that covers almost all bony surfaces in the human body. This membrane is attached to the underlying bone through type I collagen fibers known as Sharpey's fibers. The periosteum is organized into an inner cellular layer with significant osteoblastic potential and an outer fibrous layer. This osteoblastic potential can be stimulated by both physiologic processes in growth and fracture repair and by pathologic conditions. The characteristics of the periosteal responses are modulated by factors such as the type of initiating stimulus, age, and anatomic site. <h3>CASE REPORT</h3> Through illustrative cases, we will discuss the biologic bases for periosteal responses and the association of these radiologic presentations with pathophysiologic situations such as in inflammation and malignancy. <h3>DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS</h3> This poster will review the gross and cellular anatomy of the periosteal membrane and a range of periosteal responses. An understanding of bone and periosteal biology serves as a foundation for a radiologist to recognize patterns of periosteal responses and to decipher the causative stimuli.
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