Abstract
Cold agglutinins (CA) are autoantibodies with a temperature optimum of 0°C directed against erythrocytes (for review see 19). CA are directed against two different antigen complexes. The I/i-system was detected in 1956 by Wiener et al. (30) and in 1959 by Marsh and Jenkins (13). A broad spectrum of I- and i-determinants was immunochemically characterized by Feizi and Kabat (5). The Pr- (HD-) complex was detected in 1969 by Roelcke (17). The Pr-determinants are determined by N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) (17,18). The subspecificities Pr1, Pr2 and Pr3 were identified using human erythrocyte glycoproteins modified with regard to their terminal neuraminyl-groups (2, 20).KeywordsChronic Lymphocytic LeukemiaBlood GroupCold AgglutininAgglutination TiterCold Agglutinin DiseaseThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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