Abstract
BackgroundWe intend to explore whether sleep duration is associated with overweight and obesity among the adult American population. Furthermore, we stratified the study population by age and sex in the subgroup analysis to investigate the potential disparities between adults and older adults, and men and women.MethodsIn total, 2459 individuals from the 2015–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycle were included for analysis in this study. Sleep duration was assessed by the Sleep Disorders Questionnaire. Classification of the short-sleep, normal-sleep, and long-sleep group was based on the recommendation of the National Sleep Foundation. Bodyweight was measured during the physical examination. Multivariate logistic regression models were implemented.ResultsWe observed a significantly higher overweight incidence in the short-sleep group compared to the normal-sleep group (OR = 1.825, 95%CI: 1.251–2.661, P = 0.004). Short-sleep (OR = 1.832, 95%CI: 1.215–2.762, P = 0.007) duration and long-sleep duration (OR = 1.370, 95%CI: 1.043–1.800, P = 0.027) were associated with higher prevalence of obesity. When stratified by age, short-sleep also increased the overweight and obese incidence 1.951 and 1.475 times in the adult group. In the sex-stratified subgroup analysis, the short-sleep group showed 2.49 times higher overweight incidence among females. The prevalence of obesity was 2.59 times higher in the short-sleep group and 1.698 times higher in the long-sleep group in the female population.ConclusionsSleep duration is associated with the occurrence of overweight and obesity, with sleep duration less than 7 h increase the overweight and obesity rate nearly 2 folds comparing to sleep 7–9 h.
Highlights
We intend to explore whether sleep duration is associated with overweight and obesity among the adult American population
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) program consisted of two parts, an in-home interview and a physical examination in the Mobile Examination Center (MEC)
Since this study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and overweight and obesity in the adult American population, participants with a BMI less than 18.5 (n = 1731), and participants less than 18 years old (n = 2341) were excluded
Summary
We intend to explore whether sleep duration is associated with overweight and obesity among the adult American population. Excess body weight remains one of the top health concerns due to its association with several chronic diseases, such as a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and hypertension [1]. Approximately 1.9 billion (39%) adults were overweight, and 609 million (13%) adults were obese in 2015 according to the World Health Organization [2, 3]. The obesity incidence in the U.S is much higher than the global obesity prevalence. In the United States, the national prevalence of adult obesity has increased from 30.5% in 1999–2000 to 42.4% in 2017–2018 and has been predicted to reach 48.9% by 2030 [6, 7], raising substantial concerns and attention regarding the prevention and management of overweight and obesity. Female adults as compared to male, 40–59 years old middle-aged adults as compared to other age groups, and non-Hispanic black as compared to other race groups indicate a higher prevalence of obesity [7]
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