Abstract
Complete bladder replacement with prosthetic materials was first tried in 1960, when Bogash, Kohler, and Scott reported on their results.3 Their prosthesis was implanted in 8 dogs. The ureters were connected to a sort of artificial conduit made out of silicone, which was then connected to the abdominal wall of the animal. Unfortunately, no animal survived longer than 25 days; most of them developed hydronephrosis.
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