Abstract
Plants induce defense responses after insect egg deposition, but very little is known about the perception mechanisms. In Arabidopsis thaliana, eggs of the specialist insect Pieris brassicae trigger accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and salicylic acid (SA), followed by induction of defense genes and localized necrosis. Here, the involvement of the clade I L-type lectin receptor kinase LecRK-I.8 in these responses was studied. Expression of LecRK-I.8 was upregulated at the site of P. brassicae oviposition and egg extract (EE) treatment. ROS, SA, cell death, and expression of PR1 were substantially reduced in the Arabidopsis knock-out mutant lecrk-I.8 after EE treatment. In addition, EE-induced systemic resistance against Pseudomonas syringae was abolished in lecrk-I.8. Expression of ten clade I homologs of LecRK-I.8 was also induced by EE treatment, but single mutants displayed only weak alteration of EE-induced PR1 expression. These results demonstrate that LecRK-I.8 is an early component of egg perception.
Highlights
Herbivorous insects often deposit eggs on leaves and these seemingly inert structures have been shown to induce defense responses in different plant species (Reymond, 2013; Hilker and Fatouros, 2015)
Plants are equipped with a perception system to detect the presence of insect eggs and induce the accumulation of diverse signaling molecules including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and salicylic acid (SA), followed by the activation of defense genes and localized cell death
We show here that a knock-out of the L-type lectin receptor kinase LecRK-I.8 is impaired in Arabidopsis responses to insect eggs
Summary
Herbivorous insects often deposit eggs on leaves and these seemingly inert structures have been shown to induce defense responses in different plant species (Reymond, 2013; Hilker and Fatouros, 2015). Reduced performance of larvae feeding on oviposited plants has been observed in pine (Beyaert et al, 2012), elm (Austel et al, 2016), Nicotiana attenuate (Bandoly et al, 2015, 2016), and Brassicaceae species (Pashalidou et al, 2012; Geiselhardt et al, 2013; Bonnet et al, 2017; Lortzing et al, 2019). Oviposition diminishes infection by bacterial pathogens, presumably for the benefit of hatching larvae (Hilfiker et al, 2014)
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