Abstract
Remains of large ancient lakes (30 to 35 m of deposits) can be found downstream from two endoreic basins in the Algerian Sahara. Hydrographic networks drain water from the Atlas mountains (north-west Sahara Basin) or from the Tassilis of the Hoggar (Central Sahara Basin) towards the lakes to which underground water from a vast water table of the Continental intercalaire period is added. The lacustrine deposits, recorded for the Upper Villafranchian period, contain fauna and flora of a marine origin or affinity represented notably by Cardium, diatoms and foraminifers. The appearance of thalassic elements (also well-prepresented in the lacustrine deposits from the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene in the Mali and Algerian Sahara) coincides with the great deepening of the valley which unite the Atlas region with that of the Central Sahara.
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