Abstract
Aphids are important pests which cause direct damage by feeding or indirect prejudice by transmitting plant viruses. Viruses are known to induce modifications of plant cues in ways that can alter vector behavior and virus transmission. In this work, we addressed whether the modifications induced by the aphid-transmitted Turnip yellows virus (TuYV) in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana also apply to the cultivated plant Camelina sativa, both belonging to the Brassicaceae family. In most experiments, we observed a significant increase in the relative emission of volatiles from TuYV-infected plants. Moreover, due to plant size, the global amounts of volatiles emitted by C. sativa were higher than those released by A. thaliana. In addition, the volatiles released by TuYV-infected C. sativa attracted the TuYV vector Myzus persicae more efficiently than those emitted by non-infected plants. In contrast, no such preference was observed for A. thaliana. We propose that high amounts of volatiles rather than specific metabolites are responsible for aphid attraction to infected C. sativa. This study points out that the data obtained from the model pathosystem A. thaliana/TuYV cannot be straightforwardly extrapolated to a related plant species infected with the same virus.
Highlights
Insect-vectored plant viruses seriously affect important crops worldwide
Our goal was to compare the impact of Turnip yellows virus (TuYV, Polerovirus genus, Luteoviridae family) on the volatile emission profiles and subsequent vector behavior on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, and on a genetically related cultivated plant, Camelina sativa, which are both in the Brassicaceae family
In order to exclude any TuYV effect on the volatile organic compounds (VOC) emission from infected plants that could be linked to a specific physiological status of the plant and that could not be reproduced under different environmental conditions, plants used for the VOC analyses were grown under different light sources (fluorescent or light-emitted diode (LED) lamps)
Summary
Insect-vectored plant viruses seriously affect important crops worldwide. Among insects, aphids are the most prevalent vectors which transmit a wide diversity of plant viruses [1,2]. Virus transmission by aphids relies on specific interactions between the virus, the plant, and the insect. The circulative persistent viruses are acquired and inoculated during long phloem-sap ingestion phases and depend on virion endocytosis into the aphid cells [2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. In the latter mode of transmission, viruses may persist in the aphid’s body during the whole insect life, with (propagative mode) or without (non-propagative mode) replication. The hypothesis proposed by Mauck et al [10] was that viruses that share a similar mode of transmission, and supposedly benefit from similar vector-plant interactions, would exhibit significant convergence in their effects on host phenotypes conducive to transmission
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