The anti-inflammatory effect of pelargonium graveolens methanolic extract in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in Rat model

Abstract

August 2015 e51 The AnTi-inflAmmATory effecT of PelArgonium grAveolens meThAnolic exTrAcT in AceTic Acid-induced ulcerATive coliTis in rAT model B. Ghanizadeh; H. Shafaroodi; J. Asgarpanah; and Z.N. Sharifi Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Iran (IAUPS); Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Iran (IAUPS); and Department of Anatomy, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Background: IBD refers to two different, inflammatory conditions, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. There are limited drug classes for Treatments of IBD. As regards, more effective and less harmful compound for treatment appears to be essential, we investigate the efficacy of Pelargonium graveolens on colitis, which has antiinflammatory ingredients. Methods: After P. graveolens was extracted, rats were divided into groups Such as: the normal group (N.G) and the negative control group (NCG.), that received only normal saline; EXT100, EXT200 and EXT400 groups, which received 100, 200 and400 mg/kg/day of extract (p.o); the vehicle group (VG), which received vehicle orally; the Positive control group (SULF.G), which received Sulfasalazine (500 mg/kg/day, orally). Rats were given compounds for 72, 48, 24 and 2 hours before colitis induction as well as 24h thereafter. For induce colitis, 1ml of acetic acid 4.5% were instilled intra-colonially to each group. NS (1 mL) was administered to normal group. Twentyfour hours after the last gavage, colons were removed for assessed its macroscopic and microscopic changes and myeloperoxidase activities. Results: Forty-eight hours after colitis was induced, the macroscopic scores and DAI show inflammation in NCG and VG and the results of two groups weren’t significant difference together but other groups were significantly different with these two groups. Whereas, among other groups, there was no significant difference (P < 0.05). Microscopic examination shows Degradation rate in the CG compared to NCG, VG and EXT400 was significant (P < 0.05). This difference between the other groups wasn’t significantly from each other. MPO activity assessments show there are no significant differences between the extract groups with NG and SULFG, but there are significantly with VG and NGV (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The anti-inflammatory effect of P. graveolens is significant on colitis specially the dose of 100 mg/kg is recommended due to provide better effects than the others, so the results are encouraging and warrant clinical trials for further confirmation.