Abstract
This paper addresses the study of variation in translated texts from a theoretical-methodological perspective. The first section focuses on the determining factors affecting diasystematic variation in the variational space of languages, a concept emerging from the field of German variational linguistics, where I refer to the domains of communicative immediacy and communicative distance, two concepts essential for understanding the classification proposed in the following pages. The second section is devoted to the type that I have called contact-based variation, defining language variants attributable to the situation of contact in which all translations are produced. The third section briefly covers what I have termed gradational variation, i.e. the existence of forms that are intensified or attenuated with respect to others. The fourth section describes how the three types of variation interrelate in target texts and establishes a typology of phenomena aimed at explaining variants in translated texts, revolving around the concept of interference. Lastly, the viability of this proposal for analysing variants in the field of descriptive, historical, and applied linguistics is discussed
Highlights
Resumen: En este artículo me intereso por el estudio de la variación en los textos traducidos desde una perspectiva teórico-metodológica
That language is variation has been a theme closely related to contemporary linguistics since the advent of the sociolinguistic approaches proposed by Bernstein and Labov in the 1960s
One of the most blatant indications of variation is linguistic change considered from a diachronic perspective: languages change over time
Summary
Various manifestations (= variants) in the target text (TT) chosen from among the paradigmatic possibilities of the target language (TL) system marked variants unmarked variants transfer hyper‐ characterization identity difference trans‐position trans‐marking. Only be determined if the ST is available, as is the case with the phenomena of negative interference, for which translation provides an ideal context of analysis, unlike what occurs in prototypical oral situations of language contact, where negative interference is very hard to recognize Those of trans-position and hyper-position represent a type of marking that is evident as a fact of contact even outside the specific field of translation, namely, such phenomena are identifiable within highly specific spatiotemporal occurrences (for instance, in brief sentences as a fortuitous product of a particular speaker). It is necessary—or at the very least convenient—that the analyst knows which languages are involved in the contact to explain different manifestations of interference.
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