Abstract
Antiretroviral fixed-dose combination (FDC ARV) has been used in HIV patient therapy. The therapy is recommended to be monitored using a viral load (VL), reflecting the amount of HIV in the blood. Since 2015, the VL testing has been carried out at Pengayoman Cipinang Hospital. However, the evaluation of adherence to the FDC antiretroviral therapy on VL has never been conducted. This study aims to determine the relationship between the adherence level to the FDC ARVs and VL at Pengayoman Cipinang Hospital in 2015-2018. The study used a cross-sectional design and a random sampling technique. The sample size was 70, and data generated from the medical record. Kruskal Wallis test showed no differences in the level of adherence in the group based on gender, education level, marital status, employment status, and the risk factor for HIV. However, there was a significant difference in the age group. Cross-tab data showed virological failure (VL> 400 copies/ml) was found in 1.8% of patients with good adherence, 75% of patients with moderate adherence, and 100% of patients with poor adherence. The Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between adherence to FDC ARV and VL (p=0.000). It can be concluded that there was a significant relationship between the level of adherence in taking ARV FDC and viral load.
Highlights
Based on data from the World Health Organization in 2017,1 there are 36.9 million people infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), where 0.8% of them are between 15-49 years old
This study aims to determine the relationship between the adherence level to the fixed-dose combination (FDC) antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) and viral load (VL) at Pengayoman Cipinang Hospital in 2015-2018
People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have a weak immune system that they are likely to be susceptible to opportunistic infections
Summary
Based on data from the World Health Organization in 2017,1 there are 36.9 million people infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), where 0.8% of them are between 15-49 years old. Human Immunodeficiency Virus is a retrovirus that infects CD4 T cells and macrophages, which are vital components of the immune system. People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have a weak immune system that they are likely to be susceptible to opportunistic infections. PLWHA must take antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) to maintain their immune system. It is required to have a high level of adherence in taking antiretroviral drugs to have good virological suppression. Adherence is defined as routinely taking drugs based on medical prescriptions. Adherence to taking ARV drugs is the most important factor in reducing the number of HIV viruses. The result shows that to achieve optimal levels of viral suppression, at least 95% of all doses must be fulfilled.[3]
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