Abstract
Carollia perspicillata is a New World frugivorous bat which emits low‐intensity, broadband, frequency‐modulated sonar pulses through the nostrils, which are embedded in a noseleaf structure. The emission pattern of this bat is of interest because the relationship between the nostril spacing and emitted wavelength should vary during the pulse, potentially causing complex interference patterns in the horizontal dimension. Sound pressures were measured around the bat using a moveable microphone and were referenced to a stationary microphone positioned directly in front of the animal. It was found that the emission pattern differed markedly from those of bats previously studied in that there were prominent sidelobes in the horizontal dimension. The pattern suggests an effective nostril spacing of around 0.75 λ. at the frequency of maximal pulse energy (between 90 and 100 kHz). Interference between the nostrils was confirmed by blocking one nostril which eliminated the sidelobes. Displacement and manipulation of the dorsal lancet of the nineleaf showed that this structure serves to direct the sound in the vertical dimension. [Work supported by NSF.]
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