Abstract
Many applications as optical spectroscopy, photothermal therapy, photovoltaics, or photocatalysis take advantage of the localized surface plasmon resonance of noble metal nanoparticles (NPs). Among them, AgNPs are multifunctional nano‐objects that can be used not only as efficient plasmonic antennae but also as electron reservoirs for charge transfer or ion reservoirs with strong biocide activity. Herein, the 10 years’ efforts on the safe‐by‐design synthesis of multifunctional nanocomposites consisting of 3D patterns of small AgNPs embedded in dielectrics are presented by coupling low‐energy ion implantation and stencil masking techniques. Their multifunctional coupling with different objects deposited on top of the dielectric surface is also presented through three examples. The twofold role of this single plane of AgNPs as the embedded plasmonic enhancer and charge carrier reservoir is first tested on few‐layer graphene deposited in specific areas at a controlled nanometer distance from the AgNPs. These buried AgNPs are also coupled to light emitters coimplanted in the dielectric matrix in specific regions, showing light emission enhancement. Finally, these AgNPs also provide an efficient biocide activity on green algae when submerged in water, with the amount of Ag+ release simply controlled by the thickness of the silica cover layer.
Highlights
Under light excitation noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) are the seat of plasmonic resonance that permits to confine, exalt and control light/matter interaction at the nanometer scale
When the electron oscillations propagate along a planar interface they are called surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and when they are confined on a subwavelength-sized architecture, they are defined as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Arrays of plasmonic nanostructures can be localized at nanometer distance under the dielectric surface
Summary
Under light excitation noble metal (as Au, Ag and Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) are the seat of plasmonic resonance that permits to confine, exalt and control light/matter interaction at the nanometer scale. The host matrices can stabilize AgNPs by avoiding their ageing by sulfidation or oxidation from the ambient providing an efficient way for controlling the release of Ag+ ions, that prevent the microbial colonization and biofilm creation for applications in biology and medicine [28] In this feature article we present our 10 years efforts on the safe by design synthesis of multifunctional nanocomposites consisting of 3D patterns of small AgNPs embedded in dielectrics by low-energy ion implantation (LE-II) and dedicated to both optical spectroscopy [29] and controlled biocide action [30]. More details on this masking process can be found in [42]
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