Abstract
BackgroundTetramine, or tetramethylenedisulfotetramine, is an internationally banned compound that had been used primarily as a rodenticide. Despite its regulatory status, there are widespread reports of its intentional use in human poisonings, primarily in China, and often in mass poisonings. Enhanced governmental regulations were implemented in 2003 to further reduce the availability of tetramine, though the effects of these regulations, and the current use of tetramine, remains unknown.MethodsReports from the website of the China News Agency were collected from 2000 to 2012. Details such as the location, date, and intent of the events were compared before and after the regulations were implemented.ResultsThere were a total of 148 events during the study period (95 from 2000 to 2003, and 53 after 2003). There were a total of 3526 victims, including 225 fatalities. The majority of the events were homicidal/terroristic in nature. The incidence of events fell after 2006. More poisoning events occurred in central China, such as Henan and Jiangsu province, and an increase was noted in April and September.ConclusionTetramine poisoning events, as reported in the national Chinese media, fell after the implementation of strict regulation on tetramine. The causal relationship is not known.
Highlights
Tetramine, or tetramethylenedisulfotetramine, is an internationally banned compound that had been used primarily as a rodenticide
Tetramine is a highly toxic compound that was previously used as a rodenticide
As a “cage convulsant” tetramine exerts its toxicity through blockade of the chloride channel on the neuronal gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) receptor complex
Summary
Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine, is an internationally banned compound that had been used primarily as a rodenticide. Tetramine is on the World Health Organization’s list of “extremely hazardous” pesticides, and it is believed that as little as 10mg can be lethal to an adult [1] This is significantly more toxic than the other currently used rodenticides, such as long-acting anticoagulants, strychnine, fluoroacetamide, and zinc phosphide [2]. As a “cage convulsant” tetramine exerts its toxicity through blockade of the chloride channel on the neuronal gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) receptor complex. This results in neuronal depolarization and typically produces signs of neuroexcitation, including dizziness, paresthesia, and vomiting, and the effects may progress to seizures and status
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