Abstract
The main aim of the study was to examine a potential moderator role of social context in which children are exposed to media (alone, with peers, with parents) in the relationship between the frequency of media use and the frequency of committed peer aggression. The study included 880 elementary school students, which completed the following self-assessment measures: Peer violence among school children questionnaire (Velki, Kuterovac Jagodic, & Vrdoljak, 2012), and Exposure to the media scale (Velki & Kuterovac Jagodic, 2012). A moderation effect of parental and peer social context was found ; e.g. social context had a positive effect on decreasing the correlation between watching TV and electronic peer aggression. Peers social context during playing computer games was associated with decrease in physical peer aggression. Browsing the Internet with parents or peers also decreased physical and/or electronic peer aggression. The importance of social context as a protective factor is highlighted in the discussion
Highlights
Many of the research studies conducted during the last fifty years suggest that exposure to media can both positively and negatively influence child and adolescent development, the social and emotional aspects (e.g., Wilson, 2008)
The third aim was to examine a potential moderator role of social context in which children are exposed to media on the relationship between the frequency of media use and the frequency of committed various types of peer aggression
As for the social context, TV was most often watched in the company of parents (52.5%), with peers (31.3%) and the least often alone (16.2%)
Summary
Many of the research studies conducted during the last fifty years suggest that exposure to media can both positively and negatively influence child and adolescent development, the social and emotional aspects (e.g., Wilson, 2008). The content analysis of Croatian public and commercial television stations indicated that Croatian children are exposed to significant amount of TV violence (Wertag, Šakić, Boban, & Bakić-Tomić, 2006). In addition to TV programs children and youth are exposed to potentially unsafe contents, violence, through the Internet and through video games (Woodward & Gridina, 2000). The analysis of video games conducted by the USA Entertainment Software Rating Board research revealed that 90% of all games rated for children 10 years or older contain violence (Gentile, 2008)
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