Abstract
Drought is a climatic event that threatens the environment and human life with an ambiguity of location and time. Recently, droughts can be analyzed for different periods with the help of different mathematical methods and developing technology. This study aims to perform a drought analysis in 126 designated study points of Turkey. The analyzed data includes monthly total precipitation values between March 2000 and February 2021, obtained from PERSIANN system (Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks). Monthly precipitation totals of these designated points were used as input parameters in the Drought Exceedance Probability Index (DEPI) which is a new drought analysis method. The analysis was conducted separately for the whole of Turkey from January to December. Moreover, the findings were compared with the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), a globally accepted and commonly used drought index, to measure the drought detection performance of DEPI. SPI was calculated for periods of 6, 12 and 24 months. Pearson correlation coefficients between drought values of SPI-6, SPI-12 and SPI-24 and DEPI results were calculated. The second part of the study includes possible trend of drought determined by the Mann-Kendall trend analysis method. Both DEPI and SPI results and trend analysis results were mapped and visualized with the help of ArcGIS package program. The highest correlation is between DEPI and SPI-12 with 0.75, while the lowest correlation is between DEPI and SPI-24 with a value of 0.62. SPI monthly drought maps indicated the wettest months were January and February, while the driest months were March and July. Besides the DEPI monthly drought maps, the wettest months were October and November, while the driest months were May and June. The Mann-Kendall trend maps showed a significant increase in drought for summer.
Highlights
Drought is a normal, recurring natural disaster that can occasionally affect the struggle of human survival
The highest correlation is between Drought Exceedance Probability Index (DEPI) and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)-12 with 0.75, while the lowest correlation is between DEPI and SPI-24 with a value of 0.62
It can be asserted that the closer the DEPI values to 0, the more severe drought is experienced
Summary
Drought is a normal, recurring natural disaster that can occasionally affect the struggle of human survival. While different drought definitions have been developed in the literature, there is a widely popular quadruple classification. These are meteorological, agricultural, hydrological drought and socio-economic drought (Wilhite and Glantz, 1985). Even with adequate rainfall and water resources, agricultural drought might occur due to excessive use of water and insensible agricultural practices. Hydrological drought might occur when the local population who benefit from water is high or rural activities and irrigation activities are undue, the amount of precipitation and water in the reservoirs are sufficient (Topçu and Seçkin, 2016). Socio economic drought refers to droughts that adversely affect some social or economic function in life
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