Abstract
Over the last thirty-five years, Mexico has maintained a trade liberalization policy which has depressed food production and has reconstructed the structure of the agri-food sector; this has generated a higher food dependence and insecurity. In order to face this structural change, new organizational and socio-productive dynamics have emerged in communities, which take into consideration food diversity, heritage and cultural conditions of rural areas. In this paper, we use the theoretical approach of Localized Agrifood Systems (LAFS) and the operative concepts of governance and social innovation to analyze and understand the efforts that at the base of society are created to grant development of productive systems. Therefore, we present the results of an investigation based on the exploration of two LAFS cases; in these cases, different strategies to achieve development have been established: the elaboration of artisanal cheese in the state of Hidalgo, and the production of rice in the state of Morelos, Mexico. Research results show the importance of concepts such as Social Innovation (SI) and Governance within the framework of localized agri-food systems in rural studies, this, in order to identify the needs and potentials of family farming and producer’s groups inside the new contexts generated by globalization and market liberation process.
Highlights
Searching for the country’s development in the current context, we find poverty conditions that are not overcome
We present an analysis based on understanding the efforts that exist at the base of society and that enable productive systems development, we use the localized agri-food systems (LAFS)
In the rice agri food system of the state of Morelos case were identified fifteen key actors, such as public and private organizations and normal population, which are considered part of the system; these actors explain the obtaining of the rice appellation of origin, which was accompanied by an increase in productivity as a result of constant innovations, with positive effects in the regional development
Summary
Searching for the country’s development in the current context, we find poverty conditions that are not overcome. In Mexico, during 2016, 43.6% of the population was classified as poor, 36.5% of this percentage was in poverty and 7.6% in extreme poverty. 24% of the rural population expresses conditions of greater vulnerability, 61% is poor and 40% of this percentage is in a situation of poverty, and 21% in extreme poverty [1]. It is sufficient to say that in México there are no signs of inequality being diminished; 30% of households with the highest income concentrate the 63.3% of total income, 30% of households with the lowest income participate with only 9% of the total income. That the tenth decile of households concentrates 21 times more income than the first decile, which is the lowest [2]. Public policies that have prevailed to face the poverty situation of people are mostly welfare and are not aimed to stimulate the value generation of the productive activity, which may allow the development of poor and most disadvantaged populations
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