Abstract
Terra Preta Sanitation (TPS) plays a key role in sustainable sanitation (SuSan) and in the sustainable management of resources such as water, energy, soil (agriculture), liquid and solid organic waste streams as well as in the development of sustainable urban environment and infrastructure systems. This paper discusses the advantages of, and requirements for, SuSan systems, focusing on TPS. Case studies showing the stepwise extension and re-development of conventional sanitation systems (CSS) using TPS technologies and system approaches are presented and discussed. Decentralized TPS systems integrated in sustainable urban resource management were implemented in the German cities of Hamburg and Berlin. The compilation of best practice examples and findings using the newest TPS systems illustrates the immense potential of this approach for the transformation from conventional to SuSan systems. For this purpose, the potential savings of drinking water resources and the recycling potential of nutrient components are quantified. The results strongly suggest the need to encourage the development and application of innovative decentralized sanitation technologies, urban infrastructures, and resource management systems that have TP as a key component.
Highlights
The sustainable management and provision of vital resources such as water, energy, and food require integrated solutions that are based on interdisciplinary strategies
The selection criteria for case studies in the framework of this research were that the specific water born sanitation system needed to be suitable for the production of Terra Preta (TP), that it could be used for the extension of conventional sanitation systems (CSS), and that it has been realized and is operating successfully
The future development of Terra Preta Sanitation (TPS) systems should be based on a modular approach that is open to the application of different technologies and adapted to the specific local basic conditions, requirements, and on-going technological developments
Summary
The sustainable management and provision of vital resources such as water, energy, and food require integrated solutions that are based on interdisciplinary strategies This is the case in the urban environment where population densities and the inter-relation of different infrastructure sectors are more complex and challenging than in rural areas. Most of the urban social activity and resource consumption takes place in buildings as the design, type, and layout of the installed engineering services and infrastructure systems determine the overall performance and resource consumption over the entire lifecycle of a building as well as the required connecting urban infrastructure systems This is relevant for energy, water, and organic waste management [3,4,5]. The function of the system is the local production of fertile black soil and TP, the on-site generation of Bio-Char and district heat, and the operation of the botanic garden itself
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