Abstract
The thermal and photoinduced phase transitions between the ferroelectric charge-ordered (CO) insulator state and the metallic state in the layered organic salt $\ensuremath{\alpha}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{(\text{ET})}_{2}{\text{I}}_{3}$ (ET: [bis(ethylenedithio)]-tetrathiafulvalene) were investigated using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Characteristic increases were observed in the optical conductivity and the dielectric constant upon increasing the temperature to just below the insulator-to-metal transition temperature $({T}_{\text{CO}})$, which reflects the partial or precursory collapse of the ferroelectric state and charge ordering. The excitation of this partially melted CO state near ${T}_{\text{CO}}$ led to the formation of a photoinduced macroscopic metallic state, whose conductivity appeared to be greater than that of a high-temperature metallic state. At $T⪡{T}_{\text{CO}}$, a microscopic metallic state was formed within the rigid CO state.
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