Temporary withdrawal of immunosuppressive treatments in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa during COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Abstract

Aims: There is currently no evidence-based guideline to show how to manage immunosuppressive treatment in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) during the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, we updated our routine clinical protocol to 1) inform patients with ongoing treatment about the potential risks of their medications in the case of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, 2) discuss opt out of treatment temporarily, and 3) perform a closer follow-up on a monthly basis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes in patients with HS, who suspended and continued immunosuppressive therapy following COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This retrospective study included patients with HS, who had been receiving biologic/immunosuppressive treatment when the COVID-19 pandemic was announced. Those who withdrew treatment for any reason or continued were analyzed. The primary endpoint was physician-diagnosed disease exacerbation. The secondary outcomes were changes in visual analogue scale (VAS) and COVID-19 diagnosis. Results: A total of 37 patients were included in the analysis. The majority of the patients were on adalimumab treatment (n=33). Fifteen (40.5%) patients withdrew the treatment for COVID-19 related concerns. During 83.2±0.6 days of follow-up following the withdrawal, all patients in this group had at least one exacerbation. Also, the mean VAS score increased from 5.7±0.56 to 8.6±0.57 (p=0.001). On the other hand, three patients (13.6%) who continued the treatment reported worsening in disease course, 12 patients (54.5%) remained stable and seven of them (31.9%) had clinical relief. We did not observe any confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in any of our 37 HS patients. Conclusions: The present study suggests that even a temporary withdrawal of biologic/immunosuppressive treatments may have significant adverse consequences on disease course and quality of life in patients with HS. These individuals may safely continue the treatment provided that maximum measures are taken to avoid COVID-19 infection.