Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the physiological performance and some attributes of wheat seeds originated from plants submitted to soil flooding at different stages of development. The treatments consisted of periods of soil flooding, absence of flooding, two floods and three floods of the soil. Each flood lasted for three days. For the evaluation of the physiological quality, the seeds were submitted to the tests of germination and first germination count, germination speed index, shoot and primary root length, shoot and primary root dry matter mass, harvest index, thousand seed mass, electrical conductivity and isoenzymatic analysis. The increase of the soil flooding period did not affect germination, while the germination speed andindex, the harvest index and the thousand seed mass were lower in plants under the higher periods of soil flooding. The expression and intensity of bands of acid phosphatase and peroxidase isoenzymes were differently altered by periods of flooding. Thus, soil flooding negatively influences the physiological performance, the thousand seed mass and the harvest index when the plants are submitted to flooding of the soil.
Highlights
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) belonging to the Poaceae family, is considered one of the main temperate climate crops grown during the winter
For the first germination count, it was observed that the treatments corresponding to the absence of flooding and the three floods, Resulted in a higher percentage of normal seedlings compared to the treatment with two floods (Table 1)
The similarity between seed germination in all treatments may be related to the similar accumulation of reserve compounds (Sairam et al, 2009). These responses may be related to the effect of soil flooding, because this stress causes a reduction in the supply of mineral nutrients to the aerial part, besides inducing free radical formation (Bailey-Serres & Voesenek, 2008; Colmer & Greenway, 2011), which at high concentrations are detrimental to plant development
Summary
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) belonging to the Poaceae family, is considered one of the main temperate climate crops grown during the winter. The wheat chain presents itself in deficit, becoming annual necessity of Brazil, the import superior than 3.0 million tons of grains. Brazil has about 28 million hectares of soils subject to waterlogging, and irrigated Oryza sativa crop is predominant in these soil conditions. Most of this area is kept in a fallow system or used for grazing, resulting in sub utilization for production (Gomes et al, 2006). In view of the above, the present work had as objective to evaluate the physiological performance and some attributes of wheat seeds originated from plants submitted to soil flooding at different stages of development
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