Abstract

espanolLa Laguna de La Cruz es un pequeno lago cartisco meromictico situado en Cuenca (Centro de Espana), cuyos patrones de estratificacion y mezcla termica determinan en gran medida la estructura y composicion de sus poblaciones de fitoplancton. En este lago la sucesion en la zona oxica de la columna de agua se inicia con la mezcla otonal, tomando protagonismo las diatomeas, con algunas especies como Cyclotella delicatula, del tipo funcional (codon) B, dominando la comunidad en toda la columna oxica de agua durante el invierno. Esta especie persiste en primavera, pero ligada entonces a capas mas profundas. En primavera, al principio de la estratificacion termica, se produce el desarrollo en las capas superiores de picocianobacterias, criptoficeas, y dinoflagelados, correspondientes a los grupos funcionales Z, Y, y Lo, quedando las dos primeras progresivamente recluidas en la oxiclina a medida que la estratificacion avanza. Con el avance del periodo de estratificacion se desarrollan densas poblaciones de cloroficeas de los grupos funcionales F, X, y J en el epilimnion y el metalimnion, mientras que hacia final del verano se seleccionan especies de Cosmarium, pertenecientes al grupo funcional NA, que pasan a ser dominantes hasta que la mezcla otonal vuelve a dar paso a las diatomeas. En su conjunto, la fuerte estratificacion de la columna de agua permite crear diferentes nichos con una distribucion vertical diferencial del fitoplancton durante los periodos de estratificacion, lo que favorece su diversidad en el conjunto de la columna de agua. Sin embargo, diversos tipos de perturbaciones, tales como episodios de fuertes lluvias, movimientos horizontales de masas de agua y, en especial, el fenomeno de blanqueamiento que ocurre todos los anos hacia mitad del verano, alteran en cierta medida el patron sucesional. EnglishLaguna de La Cruz is a small meromictic karstic lake located in Cuenca (Central Spain), whose stratification and thermal mixing patterns largely determine the structure and composition of its phytoplankton populations. In this lake, the succession in the oxic zone of the water column starts, with the autumnal mixing, with some diatom species, such as Cyclotella delicatula, of the functional codon B, dominating the community throughout the oxic water column during the winter. This species persists in spring, but then linked to deeper layers. In spring, at the beginning of the thermal stratification, picocyanobacteria, cryptophytes, and dinoflagellates develop in upper layers, corresponding, respectively, to the functional coda Z, Y, and Lo, with the first two being progressively restricted to the oxycline as the stratification advances. As stratification advances, dense populations of chlorophytes belonging to the functional groups F, X, and J develop in the epilimnion and the metalimnion, while towards the end of the summer Cosmarium species, belonging to the functional group NA, are selected and become dominant until the autumnal mixing favors again the diatoms. As a whole, the strong stratification of the water column allows for the appearance of different niches with a differential vertical distribution of the phytoplankton during the stratification periods, which favors its diversity within the whole water column. However, several types of disturbances, such as episodes of heavy rainfall, horizontal movements of water bodies and, in particular, the whitening that occurs every year towards the middle of summer, alter the successional pattern to some extent.

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