Abstract

Object recognition is an essential cognitive function that critically depends on parts of the temporal lobe. Four temporal-lobe structures have been implicated in this function, based on a battery of object-recognition tasks. Early studies emphasized the hippocampus in visual object recognition, but more recent evidence suggests that the inferotemporal and perirhinal cortices may be more important. The perirhinal cortex is also necessary for recognizing previous female sexual partners, where olfaction is a critical sensory dimension. Both the perirhinal and insular cortices are essential for olfactory- or gustatory-recognition memory. The perirhinal and insular cortices may turn out to be supremely important for representing multimodal objects.

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