Abstract
This paper describes a new class of templated electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Electrocatalysts were made by two consecutive procedures. First, porous silica particles were formed by sol−gel synthesis conducted in the aqueous phase of a dispersed system of surfactant micelles and oil microemulsion droplets. This oxide material with bimodal pore size distribution (biporous silica) was then templated by infiltration with solutions of carbon precursor (sucrose) and platinum salt, followed by controlled pyrolysis and dissolution of the silica template. The effect of the bimodal porous structure of the sacrificial silica particles on the structure and oxygen reduction performance of platinum electrocatalysts is discussed. Morphology, composition, and structure of templated carbon support and decorated platinum nanophase were studied through extensive characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffract...
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