Abstract
To increase bandwidth and number of channels per fiber for more than one wavelength in the same fiber the dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technology has been utilized. One of the devices that are important in DWDM is an optical interleaver. This paper discussed the effects of temperatures in the DWDM interleaver by using the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structures which is arranged in two-stage cascaded MZI and the three-stage cascaded MZI geometries. The main consequences of increase temperature inside the fiber optics are the change of effective refractive index in the material of silica fiber due to the thermo-optics effects. In our analysis we have used the transfer matrix method to investigate the wavelength dependence of output power to the temperatures changes that varies from 30oC to 430ºC. In the calculation we have used the C-Band range wavelength which is around 1530 to 1565 nm. It has been shown that the change of temperatures may shift the wavelength inside the MZI output power in linear manners. These effects may be used to tune wavelength transmission inside the MZI structures to suit the ITU-T defined grid.
Highlights
Recent explosion on the Internet growth has put pressure on optical fiber network to expand its channels
In this calculation we will analyze several Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structures that consist of one stage MZI, two-stage cascaded MZI structures, and three-stage cascaded MZI
Spectral responses on the two ports have similar characteristics, where the signal is isolated in the same wavelength range at each particular wavelength
Summary
Recent explosion on the Internet growth has put pressure on optical fiber network to expand its channels. To fulfill the requirements on increasing information carrying capacity of optical fiber communication systems the dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technology might be utilized. In DWDM system a number of devices have been used which include laser sources with different optical wavelength, multiplexer/demultiplexer to combine and spread the signals at the transmitter and receiver side. DWDM technology offers the flexibility to enhance network capacity without adding more fiber optics into the existing systems. DWDM devices that can be used as a set of optical channels, each of which uses a different wavelength [2]. An optical interleaver is a device that combines two DWDM channels into multiple signals stream in interleaving ways or vice versa [3]. A method is often used to design filters in optical fiber is the Interleaver method based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structure [5]
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