Abstract
Background: Cyanobacteria phycocyanins (Cps) have already shown powerful antioxidant properties. In human cells submitted to oxidative stress the telomeres length decrease, the expression of progerin and the activity of mTOR are increased. At our knowledge, there is no published data on Cps correlated with ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light effects in human cells regarding telomeres’ length, progerin expression or mTOR1 complex activity. Objectives: In this study, we sought to assess 1) telomeres’ length in newborn human fibroblasts exposed to UV and blue light; 2) progerin production in mature human normal fibroblasts exposed to UV; 3) mTOR1 activation in adult human normal keratinocytes exposed to UV, analyzing the activity of a Cyanobacteria phycocyanin (Cp) in these in vitro models. Materials and Methods: Human skin fibroblasts or human normal keratinocytes were cultured—in the absence or in the presence of Cp and submitted to UVB + UVA and blue light irradiations. Telomeres’ length, progerin expression and mTOR1 activity were then assessed by molecular biology and immuno-enzymatic methods. Results: In cultured fibroblasts exposed to irradiations and treated by Cp, telomeres’ shortage and progerin expression were lower compared to irradiated untreated cells. In cultured keratinocytes treated by Cp and exposed to irradiations, the mTOR activity was lower compared to irradiated untreated cells. Conclusions: In these in vitro studies on human skin fibroblasts and on normal human keratinocytes, the cyanobacteria phycocyanin (Cp) showed a decrease of damages induced by UV and blue light expressed by telomeres preservation and downregulation of progerin expression and of mTOR activity, thus showing skin anti-aging and photo-protective potential.
Highlights
Cyanobacteria phycocyanins are phycobiliproteins which have been described as potential bioactive compounds and recognized as high-valued natural products for biotechnological applications
In this study, we sought to assess 1) telomeres’ length in newborn human fibroblasts exposed to UV and blue light; 2) progerin production in mature human normal fibroblasts exposed to UV; 3) mTOR1 activation in adult human normal keratinocytes exposed to UV, analyzing the activity of a Cyanobacteria phycocyanin (Cp) in these in vitro models
As recent researches showed that progerin production and telomere dysfunction collaborate to trigger cellular senescence in normal human skin cells [7], we decided to study the effect of our cyanobacteria phycocyanins on these two parameters by quantifying its action on telomere length and progerin production in models of human normal dermic fibroblasts
Summary
Cyanobacteria phycocyanins are phycobiliproteins which have been described as potential bioactive compounds and recognized as high-valued natural products for biotechnological applications. As UV and blue light irradiations are known to induce oxidative damages and pro-aging effects in skin cells (for a review, see [8]), we decided to study the effect of these irradiations on human fibroblast progerin production and telomere length and subsequently, to evaluate the effect of our phycocyanin on the possible modifications of these parameters by “UVA/UVB/blue light” irradiations.
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