Abstract
Abstract From the point of view of environmental protection, it is reasonable to stop using disposable tableware that has been made from polluting plastics and to start using biodegradable and compostable products. Biodegradable and compostable tableware is significantly more environment and nature friendly than disposable plastic tableware and drinkware. The by-products (mostly bran) from the milling of wheat, corn and rice and palm leaves are used for the production of tableware. In the Baltic States, including Estonia, it is reasonable to use wheat bran, rye bran and buckwheat bran and the mixtures of these brans. The aim of this research was to provide the technical and technological know-how for the production of environment friendly disposable tableware and to verify the suitability of the new technological means. In order to achieve the aim, a punch and a die were modelled to produce disposable plates with desired parameters, materials and work modes for the material were chosen and, thereafter, the plates were produced from bran using a physical punch and die and using a suitable moulding mode or temperature and compression duration and using prescribed compressive forces. The mechanical properties like density and flexural strength of the moulded plates were determined.
Highlights
During the 1950s – a period of rapid development for the oil industry – plastic gradually became a vital material for the support of modern life
The punch and the die were manufactured on the CNC milling machine Haas Super Mini Mill
The results of this study showed that, in addition to bran that comes from wheat, rice, and corn that is already acknowledged in the available sources, tableware can be produced from bran that is produced from other cereals, such as rye and buckwheat bran and mixtures of different brans
Summary
During the 1950s – a period of rapid development for the oil industry – plastic gradually became a vital material for the support of modern life. In addition to the packaging that pollute the living environment (e.g., packaging of chips and sweets), packaging of various beverages (e.g., bottles), filtered tobacco products (e.g., cigarette stubs), balloon sticks, drinking straws, plastic cotton buds and plastic bags, disposable tableware (cups with various sizes, plates, forks, knives, spoons, skewers) constitute a significant amount of the waste. Such tableware does not decompose when it reaches natural environment; it becomes a source of pollution
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
