Technology Concept for a Near-Term Closed Brayton Cycle Power Conversion Unit

Abstract

There is a need in the space science community for nuclear‐powered electric propulsion systems to enable high‐value, deep space and planetary exploration. Certain missions are driven by once‐in‐a‐lifetime or highly infrequent occurrences that require the near‐term development of a flight‐capable nuclear space power and electric propulsion system in order to take advantage of the scientific opportunity. The broader applicability of Brayton power systems to the commercial and military aircraft markets has provided fertile ground for the continued development and implementation of new technologies applicable to a closed Brayton cycle space Power Conversion Unit (PCU). One concept for effectively achieving a near‐term Brayton space power capability is based on the development work associated with the Integrated Power Unit (IPU). This unit embodies the state of the art in turbomachinery, generators, bearing systems and electric power management and distribution capability that can readily be evolved into a closed Brayton cycle PCU. This paper provides an overview of aircraft‐based Brayton power system technologies, their implementation into the IPU and one approach for leveraging this capability into a near‐term closed Brayton cycle space power conversion unit.