Technological advancements and future prospects of electrical power systems for sustainable more electric aircraft

Abstract

This comprehensive study delves into the current state and future prospects of Electrical Power Systems (EPSs) in More Electric Aircraft (MEA). The paper begins by examining the limitations of traditional aircraft systems, such as hydraulic and pneumatic systems, and explores the technological shift towards advanced electrical systems in MEA. Key innovations, including High-Voltage distribution networks, Variable Speed Constant Frequency (VSCF) systems, and Wide Bandgap (WBG) semiconductors, highlighted for their role in enhancing efficiency, reliability, and overall system performance. The study further analyzes the integration of hybrid-electric propulsion and its implications for both military and commercial aircraft, focusing on environmental benefits and operational cost savings. The development and challenges of Power Electronics Converters (PECs), batteries, and the Ram Air Turbine (RAT) systems discussed, emphasizing the need for continued research to achieve widespread adoption in civil aviation. In exploring future trends, the paper considers the potential of fuel cell technologies, advanced energy storage systems, and the evolution of Power Electronics (PEs). The importance of academia-industry collaboration underscored, with examples provided to illustrate how such partnerships can accelerate the development of advanced electrical power systems for sustainable aviation. The conclusion highlights the ongoing advancements and challenges in realizing the MEA concept, pointing to a more efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable future for the aviation industry.