Abstract
This thesis introduces a novel, ambient-temperature district energy system topology that enables bi-directional mass flow to booster heat pumps and includes distributed solar-thermal generation. A detailed model of this system is developed in MATLAB-Simulink, and an equivalent model is developed for a conventional, supply-return district system. The systems are compared—with and without solar-thermal integration—in technical, environmental, and economic analyses. Annual simulations are conducted for the case study: a district energy system in Ottawa with 12 building clusters. The ambient system achieves an annual coefficient of performance of 1.40 without solar and 1.43 with solar. The conventional system achieves annual coefficients of performance of 1.26 and 1.28, respectively. The solar fractions of the ambient and conventional systems are 5.5 and 4.0% for heating and 9.3 and 10.0% for cooling, respectively. The ambient system (without solar) decreased annual carbon emissions by 32.16% relative to the conventional system, a significant improvement.
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