Abstract
Analyses of coloration and morphological characters of Brazilian frogs of the genus Gastrotheca reveal the presence of two species. Gastrotheca fissipes (Boulenger, 1888) is a large species with a casqued, co-ossified skull; G. microdisca (Andersson, 1910) is a smaller species lacking casquing and co-ossification and having a highly variable color pattern. The nominal taxa Gastro- theca ernestoi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920, and Gastrotheca viridis A. Lutz and B. Lutz, 1939, are placed in the synonymy of Gastrotheca microdisca. Marsupial frogs of the genus Gastro- theca are especially diverse in the An- des and tropical lowlands in north- western South America (Duellman and Fritts, 1972; Duellman, 1974a, 1977, 1983b; Trueb and Duellman, 1978), and four species occur in the Cordillera de la Costa and adjacent lowlands in northern Venezuela (Duellman, 1980). The presence of Gastrotheca in eastern and southeastern Brazil seems to be a
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