Abstract
Objective: This research aimed to investigate the effect of nanochitosan (NC) coating in different drying methods on the tannin content of areca nut.
 Methods: Areca nut was obtained from the seed of Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT). Chitosan was isolated from shrimp shell waste through deproteination, demineralization, depigmentation, and deacetylation. NC was made using the ionic gelation method. The treatment used three levels of concentrations; K0 (uncoated-control), K1 (NC 1.5 g/l), and K2 (NC 3 g/l), and it employed two drying methods, namely, P1 (sun drying) and P2 (oven drying). Tannin content measured by spectrophotometry method. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance univariate two factors and followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).
 Results: The result showed that the NC-coated areca nut has a higher tannin content compared with the uncoated areca nut. The level of NC concentration had a significantly different effect (p 0.02 < 0.05), whereas the drying method gave no significant effect (p 0.81 > 0.05) and there was no interaction between NC concentration and drying method (p 0.89 > 0.05 ). The tannin content in areca nut in K0 (control) treatment was 17.44%, K1 (NC 1.5 g / l) was 18.11%, and K2 (NC 3 g / l) was 18.83%.
 Conclusion: Application of NC as a coating on areca nut can prevent the loss of tannin throughout the drying process. Dried areca nut with K2 treatment (NC 3 g/l) has the highest tannin content as it reaches18.83%.
Highlights
Areca nut, known as betel nut, is a seed of Areca catechu L. which is widely used in various fields including for medicinal purposes because of its characteristic: Antiparasitic effects, antioxidant effects, antibacterial and antifungal effects, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, regulating effects on blood glucose and lipids, and anti-allergic effects [1]
This study aims to determine the effect of NC coating in different drying methods on the tannin content of areca nut
analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis results on 95% confidence level of tannin content in areca nut after drying showed that the concentration of NC had a significantly different effect (p 0.02 < 0.05), whereas for the drying method gave no significant effect (p 0.81 > 0.05) and there was no interaction between NC concentration and the drying method (p 0.89 > 0.05)
Summary
Known as betel nut, is a seed of Areca catechu L. which is widely used in various fields including for medicinal purposes because of its characteristic: Antiparasitic effects, antioxidant effects, antibacterial and antifungal effects, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, regulating effects on blood glucose and lipids, and anti-allergic effects [1]. This plant is commonly found in Pacific Island and South Asia [2]. They have several physiological, biochemical, and pharmacological activities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, antitumor, enzyme inhibition, chemical defense, and radical scavenging [5]
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