Abstract

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a chronic pro-inflammatory autoimmune disease consisting of islet-infiltrating leukocytes that produce free radicals to elicit pancreatic β-cell destruction. One promising treatment for T1D is islet transplantation; however, its clinical application is constrained due to limited islet availability, adverse effects of immunosuppressants, and declining graft survival. Islet encapsulation may provide an immunoprotective barrier to prevent immune-mediated rejection and maintain pancreatic β-cell function following transplantation. Using a novel cytoprotective nanothin multilayer coating consisting of tannic acid (TA), an immunomodulatory antioxidant, and poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVPON), we hypothesized that (PVPON/TA)-encapsulated islets can restore euglycemia in diabetic mice and provide an immunoprotective barrier that would prolong graft function post-transplant. We found that encapsulation of purified islets was efficacious in dissipating hydrogen peroxide (p

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