Abstract
Fenno’s (1978) classic statement that politicians run for Congress by running against Congress has long been taken as fact. However, neither the actions of congressmen nor public reactions have been thoroughly tested. This study combines new data on congressional advertising with survey data and nds that candidates only infrequently mention Congress. Moreover, congressional approval is unchanged in the wake of critical ads. These results are conrmed experimentally. Subjects viewing an ad supportive of Congress were less likely to support the ad sponsor, but there were no eects of either supportive or critical ads on respondent’s attitudes toward Congress.
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