Abstract
It has been shown in previous papers that iron can replace toxic metals such as chromium and cobalt in a range of azo metal complexes without adversely affecting their technical or mutagenic properties. Part 3 of this series reported aquatic toxicity assessment of a series of iron complex azo dyes using Lemna minor. The present paper extends this to a range of formazan dyes. The effect on aquatic toxicity of using iron as the complexing metal, and of dyebath decolorisation by ozonolysis, have been examined. The results confirm that iron-complexed formazan dyes are generally nontoxic. On the other hand, unlike the azo dyes studied previously, ozonolysis of aqueous solutions of iron complex formazan dyes was not found to cause a decrease in pH and therefore any increase in toxicity to Lemna minor. Received: 30 April 2005; Accepted: 23 June 2005.
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