Abstract
A new method for the preparation of new heterocyclic amine surfactants based on sulfobetaines is proposed. Interfacial activities of the surfactants obtained in aqueous solution were studied by surface tension measurements. The critical micelle concentration, surface excess concentration, minimum area per surfactant molecule, and standard Gibbs energy of adsorption were determined. The adsorption properties of these compounds depend significantly on the alkyl chain length. Alkyl chain length also affects biological properties of the new surfactants, determining the minimum inhibitory concentration and size of inhibited growth zone. The compounds have high antimicrobial activity.
Highlights
Amphoteric materials represent only a small portion of total worldwide surfactant production, their market position is increasing significantly because of their unique properties
The significant interest in zwitterionic surfactants prompted us to prepare a series of sulfobetaine surfactants using a piperidine moiety with N-alkyl substituents of variable chain length (C10–C16) with an N-alkyl C3 or C4 spacer with a terminal sulfonate group
The most important property of surfactants is the ability to lower surface and interfacial tension. Another interesting property of aqueous surfactant solution is the formation of micelles above the critical concentration (CMC), which can be determined from the experimental results of the surface tension for a series of aqueous solutions of different concentrations
Summary
Amphoteric materials represent only a small portion of total worldwide surfactant production, their market position is increasing significantly because of their unique properties. Their nature can make them especially useful in applications requiring biological contact [1, 2]. The group of amphoteric surface active agents is represented by zwitterionic surfactants. Their characteristic features are a consequence of the structure as their molecules carry both negative and positive charge [1, 3]. The cationic moiety consists of a cationic quaternary ammonium group, while the anionic moiety includes a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, sulfuric acid ester, or phosphoric acid ester [5]
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