Synthesis, properties, and applications of PEEK-based biomaterials

Abstract

Currently, the composite materials occupy an essential place in engineering industries. Generally, the composite materials are categorized into three different types such as metal matrix, polymer matrix, and ceramic matrix composites based on the type of matrix materials. In this emerging technological world, the application of composite materials is countless. The polymer composites have found place in automotive, aerospace, electrical, structural, and biomedical applications. This chapter holistically focuses on PEEK polymer-based composites for biomedical applications. This chapter deeply illustrates the embedded strange character of the polymer PEEK (polyether ether ketone). Generally, PEEK is a high-performance semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer and it is a part of the PAEK (polyaryletherketone) family. The property of PEEK polymer to create good bonding when added with fortified material makes it suitable for multiple applications. Especially in the biomedical field, PEEK-based polymer composites are considered an advanced biomaterial used in various medical implants such as orthopaedic implants, spinal implants, facial and cranial implants, cardiac implants, and dental prostheses. The intention of this chapter is to mainly emphasize the synthesis and characterization of various PEEK-based biomedical materials, their manufacturing methods, and surface treatment techniques. This chapter also covers different evaluation methods, merits, and demerits of PEEK-based biomechanical materials.