Abstract
The advancement of supercapacitor technology is impeded by a dearth of advanced electrode materials that can augment energy storage capabilities. In this-work, we propose a novel, sustainable methodology for synthesizing tin oxide nanoparticles (SnO2-PJ NPs) utilizing Prosopis juliflora aqueous leaf extract as a stabilizing and reducing agent for the first time. These nanoparticles were evaluated in comparison to those synthesized via traditional chemical methods (SnO2-pure NPs). The samples were analyzed using an array of techniques including UV, FTIR, EDX, SEM, PL, XRD and XPS. The results indicated that the SnO2-PJ NPs exhibited superior performance as supercapacitor electrodes in both three-electrode and two-electrode system configurations. The symmetric supercapacitor device SnO2-PJ NPs displayed a high specific capacitance (98 F g−1 at 1 A g−1) and energy density (31 Wh kg−1 at 0.35 kW kg−1) in an acidic electrolyte of 1 M H2SO4. Additionally, the SnO2-PJ NPs demonstrated exceptional cycling stability, maintaining 100% of their specific capacitance after 10,000 cycles. In conclusion, the SnO2-PJ NPs exhibit tremendous potential as a next-generation energy storage material, owing to their high-power density, high-energy density, and outstanding capacity. Additionally, antibacterial and antifungal activity of synthesized SnO2 NPs is studied. The bio-synthesized SnO2 PJ NPs possesses highest antibacterial activity against two Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (17.0 ± 0.08 mm) and Bacillus subtilis (17.5 ± 0.74 mm) as well as one Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (15.0 ± 0.06 mm) at 200 μl. Furthermore, the bio-synthesized SnO2 PJ NPs possesses highest antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (10.0 ± 0.11 mm) and Aspergillus flavus (08.0 ± 0.12 mm) at 200 μl. The present work demonstrated an eco-friendly preparation of SnO2 NPs with high-performance supercapacitor electrode, good antibacterial and antifungal properties.
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