Abstract
Environmental concerns and the positive aspects of biowaste materials gained the attention of researchers to use them as filler materials in fabricating of green composites along with polymer matrices, but most of them are not suitable for extensive applications in high thermal applications. In most of the natural particulate materials are not having the ability to fight against pathogens. To overcome such barriers, a modification of biowaste—orange peel powder (OPP) by the generation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is prepared with the one-step hydrothermal process. The modified Orange Peel Powder (MOPP), is then characterized by FESEM, EDX, FT-IR, XRD, and Thermal analyses. The presence of AgNPs in the MOPP is confirmed through FESEM & EDX analysis. FT-IR spectral analysis pronounced the non mutate functional groups in MOPP as compared with OPP. The generation of AgNPs in MOPP is confirmed through the XRD peaks of reflection planes at (1,1,1), (2,0,0), (2,2,0) & (3,1,1). Thermal Analysis results of TGA and DSC show the MOPP has increased thermal stability up to 363 °C. Antibacterial test against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria for OPP & MOPP shows the inclusion of Ag strongly objects the pathogens. Eventually, the MOPP can be utilized as filler material along with the polymer matrix in high thermal as well as antibacterial composite filler applications. Graphic Abstract
Highlights
Majority of the agricultural wastes as well as municipal solid waste left unused and create problems to the environment and municipal solid waste management in countries like India and European countries[1]
The cognate chemical composition materials were reported by the researchers for various applications like Ocimum sanctum leaves with silver nanoparticles to form films for packaging application[5], Chitosan in plated with silver nanoparticles for the application of the natural rubber latex[6], Acacia leucophloea fibers for the design of lightweight materials[7], Tamarind leaf with silver nanoparticles used for the antibacterial textile materials[8], and Pennisetum purpureum grass formulated with copper nanoparticles for the application of dressing materials in the medical field[9]
Orange Peel Powder (OPP) has been modified with silver nanoparticles by the hydrothermal process and the modified OPP (MOPP) is characterized and suggested that the modified Orange Peel Powder (MOPP) can be used as a filler material for the high thermal green composite applications
Summary
Majority of the agricultural wastes as well as municipal solid waste left unused and create problems to the environment and municipal solid waste management in countries like India and European countries[1]. The anti bacterial activity of the natural waste materials can be improved with the addition of AgNPs in order to improve its utilization as a filler material along with polymer matrix for the application of packaging films. By this inclusion of AgNPs the thermal properties of this biowaste materials can be improved and the utilization in the high thermal applications like packing foods to improve their shelf life. The thermogravimetric analysis for MOPP & OPP was carried out on NETZSCH STA 2500 Regulus instrument with the temperature range of 30°C to 550°C at 10 °C/ min heating rate at an nitrogen atmosphere with a flow rate of. DSC was performed to find glass transition tempertaure of both OPP & MOPP, on NETZSCH STA 2500 Regulus instrument at a heating rate of 10 K/ min under Nitrogen atmosphere by following ASTM E-967 ASTM 2008a and ASTM E-968 ASTM2008b standards[10],[32]
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