Abstract
A large variety of permselective membranes were prepared by radiation grafting techniques. Grafting of styrene into PTFE films followed by sulfonation led to strong anionic membranes showing good performance in reverse osmosis. Carboxilic membranes were prepared by grafting acrylic and methacrylic acids. Cationic membranes were obtained via grafting 4-viny1pyridine. These membranes were tested in various fractionation processes including reverse osmosis. N-vinylpyrrolidone grafts exhibited high selectivity for separating water from organic solvents by pervaporation. Bifunctional membranes containing both carboxilic and pyridine groups were obtained by two successive grafting steps either in bulk giving rise to “homogeneous” membranes with unusual swelling properties, or into localized areas generating mosaic membranes which exhibited increased rates of ion-pair diffusion.
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