Abstract
It is always demanded to prepare a nanostructured material with prominent functional properties for the development of a new generation of devices. This study is focused on the synthesis of heart/dumbbell-like CuO nanostructures using a low-temperature aqueous chemical growth method with vitamin B12 as a soft template and growth directing agent. CuO nanostructures are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. CuO nanostructures are heart/dumbbell like in shape, exhibit high crystalline quality as demonstrated by XRD, and have no impurity as confirmed by XPS. Apparently, CuO material seems to be porous in structure, which can easily carry large amount of enzyme molecules, thus enhanced performance is shown for the determination of uric acid. The working linear range of the biosensor is 0.001 mM to 10 mM with a detection limit of 0.0005 mM and a sensitivity of 61.88 mV/decade. The presented uric acid biosensor is highly stable, repeatable, and reproducible. The analytical practicality of the proposed uric acid biosensor is also monitored. The fabrication methodology is inexpensive, simple, and scalable, which ensures the capitalization of the developed uric acid biosensor for commercialization. Also, CuO material can be used for various applications such as solar cells, lithium ion batteries, and supercapacitors.
Highlights
Cupric oxide (CuO) is a member of first row transition metal oxides with unique properties and advantages such as its inexpensive nature and abundance on Earth [1,2]
Due to fascinating electrochemical properties of CuO, it is able to be a main component of electrochemical sensors, especially potentiometric sensors [37]
Of CuO nanomaterial was heart/dumbbell-like, which is further verified at higher magnification it exhibits a porous structure as depicted in 1b
Summary
Cupric oxide (CuO) is a member of first row transition metal oxides with unique properties and advantages such as its inexpensive nature and abundance on Earth [1,2]. Materials 2018, 11, 1378 reveal size dependent physical and chemical properties, along with high surface area and quantum confinement [22]. CuO materials with well-defined morphology and size [2]. Numerous morphologies of CuO are produced including nanoparticles, nanoneedles, nanowhiskers, nanowires, nanoshuttles, nanorods, nanotubes, nanoleaves, and nanoribbons via wet chemistry and physical methods [23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31]. The complex nanostructures of CuO are synthesized including nanoellipsoids [32], peanut-like nanostructures [33], nano-dendrites [34], prickly/layered microspheres [35], and dandelion-like hollow morphology [36]. The wet chemical method has more importance over other existing methods due to its low cost, simplicity, and gives a high yield of nanostructured material. Due to fascinating electrochemical properties of CuO, it is able to be a main component of electrochemical sensors, especially potentiometric sensors [37]
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