Abstract
The preparation of 3 kinds of carbonaceous nanocomposites by hydrothermal treatment and subsequent calcination described. The first comprises a nanomaterial of type CuO/g-C3N4, with g-C3N4 in mass fractions of 2, 5 and 7wt%, respectively. The second comprises CuO/porous carbon (5wt%), and the third comprises CuO/carbon spheres (5wt%). All of them were employed to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to obtain electrochemical sensors for glucose and dopamine. The GCE modified with CuO/g-C3N4 (5wt%) displays the highest electrocatalytic activity towards glucose and dopamine. Figures of merit for sensing glucose (in 0.1M NaOH solution) include a wide linear range (0.5μM to 8.5mM), a detection limit of 0.150μM, and a sensitivity of 0.274μA·μM-1·cm-2 (at a working potential of 0.60V vs. Ag/AgCl). The respective data for dopamine (in pH7.0 solution) are linear ranges from 0.2-16.0μM and 16.0-78.7μM, a lower detection limit of 60nM, and an electrochemical sensitivity of 0.834 and 0.331μA·μM-1·cm-2 (at a working potential of 0.22V vs. Ag/AgCl). The good performance of the modified GCE is attributed to the synergetic interactions between CuO and the appropriate fraction of g-C3N4, and the improvement of conductivity. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a electrochemical sensor based on CuO/g-C3N4 for the determination of glucose and dopamine.
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